- Its threaded titanium structure = cover screw
- Above it we place abutment and over it we place crown
- We use implant to replace missing teeth
- No PDL around the implant = directly connected to tooth
- Biological width around tooth = 2mm
- Biological width around implant = 4 mm
- Implant is made up of bio titanium and alloys like aluminum and validium
- Large surface area of implant is MUST = better connection with bone aka osseointegration = given by BRANEMARK
- Time required for osseointegration = less time in mandible = less than 4-6 months = this time is called Loading time
- Sandblasting or acid etching the surface area = better connection
- Earlier we use plane surface = less surface area than threaded surface
- FACTORS
- Density of bone = less density = Primary stability of implant is less and mobile
- Location of bone and anatomical structures
- Posterior mandible = inferior alveolar nerve
- Posterior maxilla = maxillary sinus
- Inferior mandible = mental nerve
- These structures needs to be avoided when placing the implant
- DRILLING
- First instrument used is PILOT drill of 2 mm
- Minimum diameter of implant = 3.3 mm
- Minimum Length of implant = 8 mm
- Different dimensions based on available bone available by manufactures
- Bone must not overheat = must increase beyond 47*c
- Motor revolutions = 800 -1200 rpm must = below this RPM = heating of bone happens
- We also used coolant and irrigant so bone doesn’t overheat
- If bone is overheated = causes necrosis and connection with bone will be impossible
- Bacterial infections and debris must be absent
- 0.5 mm of bone around the implant
- From adjacent tooth = 1.15 mm
- Distance between two implants = 3 mm
- 2gm of amoxicillin before 30 mins of implant placing
- If implant is of 4mm size = drill site must be less than 4 mm for tight fit of implant into bone
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